Glossary

PTFE, or polytetrafluoroethylene, is a synthetic fluoropolymer composed entirely of carbon and fluorine atoms, with the chemical formula (C₂F₄)ₙ. It is best known by the trade name Teflon®, originally developed by DuPont in 1938. PTFE is prized for its exceptional chemical resistance, low friction, high temperature tolerance, and non-stick properties, making it one of the most versatile and valuable plastics in industrial, chemical, and consumer applications.

Structurally, PTFE consists of long chains of carbon atoms fully surrounded by fluorine atoms. The strong carbon–fluorine bonds give it extraordinary chemical inertness and thermal stability—it doesn’t react with most chemicals, and it can withstand continuous use at temperatures up to 260°C (500°F). It remains stable in both extremely cold and hot environments, making it ideal for use in chemical processing equipment, seals, gaskets, valves, and electrical insulation.

PTFE’s low coefficient of friction makes it one of the most slippery solid materials known, which is why it’s used as the non-stick coating on cookware and in bearings, bushings, and fasteners that require reduced wear or resistance. It’s also an excellent electrical insulator, commonly used in wiring for aerospace, telecommunications, and high-frequency electronics due to its dielectric strength and resistance to moisture.

Additionally, PTFE is hydrophobic (repels water) and non-reactive to acids, bases, and solvents, which makes it useful in harsh environments like chemical plants, laboratories, and medical devices. However, it is soft and easily deformed under load (a property known as creep), so it’s often combined with fillers such as glass, carbon, or bronze to enhance its strength and wear resistance.

AKA: Teflon®