Glossary

Brass is a metal alloy made primarily of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn). It is known for its bright gold-like appearance, excellent corrosion resistance, and workability, making it one of the most widely used and versatile alloys in both industrial and decorative applications.

The exact properties of brass vary depending on the ratio of copper to zinc and the presence of small amounts of other elements such as lead, tin, aluminum, or nickel. Typically, brass contains 55–95% copper and 5–45% zinc.

- Higher copper content produces a softer, more ductile brass with a deeper reddish tone and superior corrosion resistance.

- Higher zinc content yields stronger, harder brass with a lighter yellow color but slightly reduced corrosion resistance.

Brass is valued for several key characteristics. It is malleable and ductile, allowing it to be easily machined, stamped, rolled, or cast into complex shapes. It also has low friction, non-sparking properties, and good thermal and electrical conductivity. These features make it ideal for fasteners, fittings, valves, bearings, gears, electrical connectors, and musical instruments.

Because brass resists tarnishing and corrosion—especially in water and marine environments—it is commonly used in plumbing components, marine hardware, and decorative applications like architectural accents, lamps, and door hardware. Certain types, such as naval brass and admiralty brass, include small additions of tin for enhanced resistance to saltwater corrosion.

The alloy also has favorable acoustic qualities, which is why it’s widely used in musical instruments such as trumpets, trombones, and saxophones—collectively known as “brass instruments.”